Healthy living
Anti-ageing
Antioxidants not anti-ageing
Creams and dietary supplements rich in antioxidants may not live up to their age-defying claims because the science behind them is wrong, say researchers writing in the journal Genes and Development
Scientists from the University College London Institute of Healthy Ageing carried out research on nematode worms – often used in research on ageing – and found that contrary to the expected results, the lifespan of the worm was not increased by the action of powerful antioxidants.
For over 50 years, scientists have believed that antioxidants such as vitamins C and E have anti-aging properties because they 'mop up' harmful chemicals or free radicals that can cause cell damage. However this latest research suggests that this theory is wrong.
'The fact is that we don't understand much about the fundamental mechanisms of ageing,' says Dr David Gems from UCL. 'The free radical theory of ageing has filled a knowledge vacuum for over fifty years now, but it just doesn't stand up to the evidence.'
The long-held theory that antioxidants have powerful anti-ageing properties has led to an explosion in face creams and dietary supplements claiming to be able to turn back the clock. However, Dr Gems believes the study suggests that anti-ageing products that claim to have anti-oxidant properties are unlikely to have any effect.
'A healthy, balanced diet is very important for reducing the risk of developing many diseases associated with old age, such as cancer, diabetes and osteoporosis,' says Gems. 'But there is no clear evidence that dietary antioxidants can slow or prevent ageing. There is even less evidence to support the claims of most anti-ageing products.'
Foods that are naturally rich in antioxidants include many fruit and vegetables like blueberries, raspberries, broccoli, tomatoes, grapes and spinach. There are studies that have shown that people who have diets rich in these foods have a lower risk of a number of diseases including some cancers. However it appears to be a combination of nutrients that offer health benefits rather than any one type in isolation.
Dr Frankie Phillips, registered dietician and spokesperson for the British Dietetic Association, is not surprised by the results of the UCL research.
'From population-based studies we have found that having a diet rich in a range of nutrients including antioxidants can bestow general health benefits,' says Phillips. 'However there is scant evidence that antioxidants in isolation can extend life span. The key to a long and happy life is to eat a balanced diet and follow a healthy lifestyle with lots of exercise and no smoking.'
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